Claim terms are generally given their plain and ordinary meanings as understood by a skilled artisan, when read in the context of the specification and prosecution history. See Phillips v. AWH Corp., 415 F.3d 1303, 1313 (Fed. Cir. 2005) (en banc). In particular, claim scope can be narrowed “when the patentee disavows the full scope of a claim term either in the specification or during prosecution.” Thorner v. Sony Comput. Ent. Am. LLC, 669 F.3d 1362, 1365 (Fed. Cir. 2012). This disavowal must be “clear and unmistakable” so as to overcome the “heavy presumption” that claim terms carry their full ordinary and customary meaning. Plantronics, Inc. v. Aliph, Inc., 724 F.3d 1343, 1350 (Fed. Cir. 2013) (citation omitted).
FOCUS PRODUCTS GROUP INT’L v. Kartri Sales Co., 156 F. 4th 1259, 1273 (Fed. Cir. 2025)